Mixing Fundamentals: EQ, Compression, Reverb and Headroom
A producer-focused introduction to frequency balance, dynamic control and practical mix decisions.
Balance first, effects second
Begin with fader balance and a clear musical purpose for each layer. Excessive EQ can disguise an arrangement problem; muting an unnecessary layer is sometimes more effective than boosting another.
EQ and compression
EQ changes frequency balance. A high-pass filter may remove irrelevant low end from a sound, but aggressive filtering can thin it out. Compression changes dynamic range; attack, release, ratio and threshold shape how transients are treated.
Reverb, delay and level
Use ambience to establish depth, then compare processed and unprocessed versions at similar apparent volume. Keep output peaks controlled and export an actual WAV to check headphones, monitors and a second listening system.